American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Pedorthics, Inc.
Anopia
The absence of the eye.
Anophthalmia
Congenital absence of the eyes.
Anterior
Front surface.
Anterior Chamber
The fluid-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the cornea’s innermost surface.
Artificial Eye
An ocular prosthesis that is now commonly made out of acrylic plastic.
A.S.O.
American Society of Ocularists
B.C.O.
Board Certified Ocularist
Canthus
The corner on each side of the eye formed by the junction of the upper and lower eyelids.
Collarette
A ring of color around the pupil.
Conformer
An acrylic plastic shell used to help form the eye socket and support the eyelids after surgery.
Conjunctiva
The mucous membrane that covers the implant and the inner surface of the eyelids.
Cornea
The transparent covering of the eyeball that is continuous with the sclera.
Cul-de-sacs
Tissue pockets within the eye socket cavity.
Edema
Swelling.
Enucleation
Surgical removal of the entire eyeball. Replaced by an orbital implant and fit with an artificial eye.
Evisceration
Surgical removal of the iris and cornea. Replaced by an orbital implant and fit with a scleral shell.
Extraocular Muscles
The six muscles connected to the eyeball that control eye movement.
Flashes
Commonly reported as streaks of light, when the retina tears, sometimes leding to retina detachment.
Floaters
Commonly reported as spots floating in front of the eyes, when the retina tears, sometimes leding to retina detachment.
Glaucoma
Group of diseases characterized by intra-ocular pressure, resulting in damage to the optic nerve fibers.
Implant
A spherical device placed in the eye socket to replace the orbital volume after removal of the eye or its contents. Normally made of acrylic plastic, silicone, or a bio-compatible material.
Inchemia
The restriction or blockage of blood flow through a blood vessel.
Inferior
Lower, as in inferior eyelid.
Iris
Colored portion of the eye.
Limbus
The colored ring between the iris and the sclera.
Macular Degeneration
Loss of the photoreceptors in the macula region of the retina, resulting in decreased central vision.
Medial
Towards the nose.
Microphthalmia
Abnormally small eye.
Monocular Vision
Seeing with only one eye.
Mucosa
Mucous membranes.
N.E.B.O.
National Examining Board of Ocularist.
Ocular Prosthesis
An artificial eye made of acrylic plastic.
Ocularist
A specialist of fitting and fabricating prosthetic eyes.
Oculoplastic Surgery
Subspecialty of opthalmology dealing with diseases and reconstructive aspects of the eyelids.
Opthalmologist
An eye care professional that specializes in the diagnosis and medical treatment of eye diseases and disorders.
Phthisis Bulbi
Shrinking of the eyeball following injury, infection, or disease.
Posterior
Back surface.
Ptosis
Drooping of upper eylid.
Pupil
Black spot in the iris.
Retinal Detachment
Usually caused by a retinal tear, which leads to decreased vision and sometimes blindness.
Sclera
White portion of the eye surrounding the iris.
Scleral Shell
A thin artificial eye that fits flush over a blind, malformed, or injured eye.
Stroma
Main body color of the iris.
Sulcus
Upper eyelid depression.
Superior
Upper, as in upper eyelid.
Tarsus
Plate-like framework within the upper and lower eyelids that provides stiffness and shape.